Not many people feel comfortable talking about death, but when you’re taking care of a patient who is dying it becomes necessary and beneficial to communicate clearly Death isn’t something that people like bringing up. It’s upsetting, it can feel uncomfortable and it might not feel like your place. However, it can make a big difference to a patient’s and relative’s quality of care, so it’s important to get it right. Adrienne Betteley, palliative and end of life care programme manager at MacMillan Cancer Support believes good communication skills for a nurse are especially vital when it comes to palliative care. “Good communication can reassure and alleviate or reduce anxiety and distress,” she says. “You only get one chance to get it right when somebody is dying and memories live on with the loved ones after the person has died, so it is important these are not the worst memories they can be, such as someone saying the wrong thing.” When a patient is dying you may be asked to talk with them about their wishes for their death so that a care plan can be prepared. Or you may wish to connect with how they’re feeling and offer support. You might need to record what they feel about the type of care they wish to receive, any advance decisions they would like to make now and appointing an individual to make treatment decisions if they’re unable to do it themselves. Starting up the conversation“The essence of good communication skills is to be led by the patient, ” says Helen Forrow, ward manager at Marie Curie Hospice in Newcastle. “A student nurse needs to ensure the patient has time to talk and that they listen and react appropriately.”
Talking about spiritualityConversations about spirituality won’t necessarily be about religion. Topics can range from religious ideas, plans for the funeral, concerns about those who are going to be left behind, to the after-life and what death will feel like. “Spirituality is a very personal subject and usually not related to religion,” says Ms Forrow from Marie Curie. “To many patients this is a very difficult subject to discuss and needs to be handled with sensitivity and care. Often patients will have these conversations with the staff that they know and trust. By getting to know a patient and family in depth and gaining their confidence a student nurse will often be able to obtain an understanding of what is important to the patient from a spiritual point of view.” Using your body language“Showing empathy is key both verbally and non verbally. Non-verbal communication is vital as the way we interact impacts on the relationships with our patients, as we constantly give out signals through our body language in the way we sit and the gestures we make,” says Ms Betteley. “If these are positive they will contribute to a good therapeutic and trusting relationship.”
Taking the plungeDon’t be too hard on yourself, these kind of conversations won’t always be easy. Ms Forrow says: “Student nurses are likely to find end-of-life care discussions very difficult in the first few occasions as often they don’t know what to say and how to say it. It is very hard when we can’t always make things better.” But Helen de Renzie-Brett, head of education at Dorothy House Hospice Care, adds that it’s important to remember that you’re not alone: “Students may be frightened of dying patients and having to deal with someone who is at the end of their life. The best thing is to feel supported, so it’s a two-way thing. Qualified staff need to recognise that students may not have experienced death before and need to be alert to providing support. Similarly students should voice their concerns looking after someone who is dying and seek out support if they need it.” Why is endGood communication of a dying person's prognosis improves their end of life care and the bereavement experience of those important to them. It can help to ensure that the dying person's expressed wishes are considered and to avoid misunderstandings and unnecessary distress.
How is touch and silence used in palliative care?They must maintain this silence, a understanding glance, the gentle touch of hands. They must establish a better dialogue, never a empty set of words. Caring is also carefully listening, being present, sharing the silence, complicity; be challenged by the lack of words. It's welcoming.
How should you communicate with someone at the end of their life?Using your body language. Maintain an open posture with your arms uncrossed.. Keep eye contact.. Avoid barriers between you and the person you're talking with.. Sit at an appropriate distance so that the person you're speaking with doesn't feel overwhelmed.. Leaning forward may help to indicate that you are listening intently.. Why is communication important in hospice care?In situations of serious illness, communication is one of the most important tools which the health care professionals use in giving the patient the information that they need to know before taking the situation in practice. This creates a sense of trust and security for both the patient and the family.
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