Abstract
The predominant post-1965 immigrant groups have established distinctive settlement areas in many American cities and suburbs. These areas are generally understood in terms of an "immigrant enclave" model in which ethnic neighborhoods in central cities serve relatively impoverished new arrivals as a potential base for eventual spatial assimilation with the white majority. This model, and the "ethnic community" model, are evaluated here. In the ethnic community model, segregated settlement can result from group preferences even when spatial assimilation is otherwise feasible. Analysis of the residential patterns of the largest immigrant groups in New York and Los Angeles shows that most ethnic neighborhoods can be interpreted as immigrant enclaves. In some cases, however, living in ethnic neighborhoods is unrelated to economic constraints, indicating a positive preference for such areas. Suburban residence does not necessarily imply living outside of ethnic neighborhoods. Indeed, for several groups the suburban enclave provides an alternative to assimilation-it is an ethnic community in a relatively high-status setting.
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The official flagship journal of the American Sociological Association (ASA), American Sociological Review (ASR) publishes works of interest to the discipline in general, new theoretical developments, results of research that advance our understanding of fundamental social processes, and important methodological innovations. All areas of sociology are welcome. Emphasis is on exceptional quality and general interest. Published bi-monthly in February, April, June, August, October, and December. Information about subscriptions, article submissions, and advertising rates: //www.asanet.org/journals/asr/
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journal article
Whose Neighborhood is This? Ethnicity and Community in Hong KongUrban Anthropology
Vol. 9, No. 2 (SUMMER 1980)
, pp. 243-263 (21 pages)
Published By: The Institute, Inc.
//www.jstor.org/stable/40552920
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Abstract
A plea for greater clarity in discussions of urban ethnicity is made by proposing a conceptual distinction between "ethnic neighborhood" and "ethnic community." Eschewing the subjective and metaphysical approach of those urbanists who designate urban neighborhoods "ethnic" mostly on the basis of intuitive feelings, this article argues that the intensities of ethnic primary and secondary relationships be gauged for a more objective ascertaining of urban ethnicity. Ethnic neighborhoods (where both primary and secondary relationships are ethnic) are thus clearly distinct from ethnic communities (where primary relationships alone tie the group together). To demonstrate the usefulness of this approach, analysis is made of the Fujianese and Shangainese ethnic neighborhoods and communities of Hong Kong's North Point area. The applicability of this model to American ethnicity is also tested.
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Jack R. Rollwagen, Ph. D. is the president of The Institute, Inc., a closely-held corporation in western New York State. Dr. Rollwagen founded the journal with the title Urban Anthropology in 1972 and has been the editor of that journal since that time. Dr. Rollwagen is a cultural anthropologist with interests in urban anthropology, visual anthropology, and World System analysis. His most recent research has been a holistic ethnomusicological approach to the music of the Horqin Mongols of eastern Inner Mongolia, China. This research has resulted in the publication of a six volume DVD set titled Song Of The Grasslands: Ethnicity, Identity, Economic Development, Culture Change And Music Among The Horqin Mongols of Eastern Inner Mongolia, China. He is also editing a multi-volume DVD set titled Life in an American Village. Dr. Rollwagen is the editor of two books on visual anthropology.
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Urban Anthropology © 1980 The Institute, Inc.
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