Intellectual is associated to our mind which we use our mind creatively and able find solutions to solve the problem through reason and thinking. Ability is an individual capacity, talent or skills that he or she enables to perform a job successfully when under take a certain responsibility. According to Gabriel (n.d.), intellectual ability means the skills required to perform mental tasks and apply to both academic and work settings. So that, intellectual ability play an important role in workplace. An individual who has intellectual ability in workplace, he or she can do the things on time and more efficient, they also can help their organization cut costs from labour, training and improve productivity. In general, intellectual ability in workplace can be classified into six major classes which are number aptitude, verbal comprehension, inductive reasoning, deductive reasoning, spatial visualization and memory. ... middle of paper ... Show ...2012). Investigations in the workplace. Retrieved from http://books.google.com.my/books?id=nrFVdxqIlGIC&printsec=frontcover&dq=editions:mjcIxYmhWHUC&hl=en&sa=X&ei=eo17UtupNcTArAeM0IHADw&ved=0CDwQuwUwAg#v=onepage&q&f=false We begin with a look at employee abilities and skills. Abilities and skills generally represent those physical and intellectual characteristics that are relatively stable over time and that help determine an employee’s capability to respond. Recognizing them is important in understanding organizational behavior, because they often bound an employee’s ability to do the job. For example, if a clerk-typist simply does not have the manual dexterity to master the fundamentals of typing or keyboard entry, her performance will likely suffer. Similarly, a sales representative who has a hard time with simple numerical calculations will probably not do well on the job. Mental AbilitiesIt is possible to divide our discussion of abilities and skills into two sections: mental abilities and physical abilities. Mental abilities are an individual’s intellectual capabilities and are closely linked to how a person makes decisions and processes information. Included here are such factors as verbal comprehension, inductive reasoning, and memory. A summary is shown in Table 2.1. Dimensions of Mental Abilities
Table 2.1 (Attribution: Copyright Rice University, OpenStax, under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license) From a managerial standpoint, a key aspect of mental ability is cognitive complexity. Cognitive complexity represents a person’s capacity to acquire and sort through various pieces of information from the environment and organize them in such a way that they make sense. People with high cognitive complexity tend to use more information—and to see the relationships between aspects of this information—than people with low cognitive complexity. For example, if a manager was assigned a particular problem, would they have the capacity to break the problem down into its various facets and understand how these various facets relate to one another? A manager with low cognitive complexity would tend to see only one or two salient aspects of the problem, whereas a manager with higher cognitive complexity would understand more of the nuances and subtleties of the problem as they relate to each other and to other problems. People with low cognitive complexity typically exhibit the following characteristics:2 They tend to be categorical and stereotypical. Cognitive structures that depend upon simple fixed rules of integration tend to reduce the possibility of thinking in terms of degrees. Internal conflict appears to be minimized with simple structures. Since few alternative relationships are generated, closure is quick. Behavior is apparently anchored in external conditions. There is less personal contribution in simple structures. Fewer rules cover a wider range of phenomena. There is less distinction between separate situations. On the other hand, people with high levels of cognitive complexity are typically characterized by the following:3 Their cognitive system is less deterministic. Numerous alternative relationships are generated and considered. The environment is tracked in numerous ways. There is less compartmentalization of the environment. The individual utilizes more internal processes. The self as an individual operates on the process. Research on cognitive complexity has focused on two important areas from a managerial standpoint: leadership style and decision-making. In the area of leadership, it has been found that managers rated high on cognitive complexity are better able to handle complex situations, such as rapid changes in the external environment. Moreover, such managers also tend to use more resources and information when solving a problem and tend to be somewhat more considerate and consultative in their approach to managing their subordinates.4 In the area of decision-making, fairly consistent findings show that individuals with high cognitive complexity (1) seek out more information for a decision, (2) actually process or use more information, (3) are better able to integrate discrepant information, (4) consider a greater number of possible solutions to the problem, and (5) employ more complex decision strategies than individuals with low cognitive complexity.5 What are the intellectual abilities?“Intellectual ability” is exceptional capability or potential recognized through cognitive processes (e.g., memory, reasoning, rate of learning, spatial reasoning, ability to find and solve problems, ability to manipulate abstract ideas and make connections, etc.). [
Why is intellectual ability important to organizational behavior?Intellectual ability is a mental capacity or capability of an individual to perform diverse sets of tasks and operations in an organization. It facilitates the use of mental reasoning, verbal comprehension, and other factors to make rational decisions.
What are examples of intellectual abilities?Types of intellectual capacity include; analysis, problem-solving, verbal comprehension, and reasoning skills. Examples of intellectual skills in a workplace include managing relationships, good communication, active listening, and creative approaches to addressing difficult situations.
What are physical abilities in organizational behavior?Physical abilities may be defined as the capacity to do tasks that demand stamina, dexterity, strength, and similar characteristics.
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