Deploying and Configuring Core Network ServicesThis chapter discusses the vital infrastructure services that virtually every network must implement. Every computer on a TCP/IP network must have at least one IP address, and most networks today use the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) to assign those addresses. To access resources on the Internet and to locate Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS)
domain controllers, TCP/IP computers must have access to a Domain Name System (DNS) server. Windows Server 2012 includes all of these services and provides the tools to manage them.
This objective covers how to:
- Configure IP address options
- Configure subnetting
- Configure supernetting
- Configure interoperability between IPv4 and
IPv6
- Configure ISATAP
- Configure Teredo
Objective Summary
- The IPv4 address space consists of 32-bit addresses, notated as four 8-bit decimal values from 0 to 255, separated by periods, as in the example 192.168.43.100. This is known as dotted-decimal notation, and the individual 8-bit decimal values are called octets or bytes.
- Because the subnet mask associated
with IP addresses can vary, so can the number of bits used to identify the network and the host. The original IP standard defines three address classes for assignment to networks, which support different numbers of networks and hosts.
- Because of its wastefulness, classful addressing was gradually made obsolete by a series of subnetting methods, including VLSM and eventually CIDR.
- When a Windows computer starts, it initiates the IPv6 stateless
address autoconfiguration process, during which it assigns each interface a link-local unicast address.
- The simplest and most obvious method for transitioning from IPv4 to IPv6 is to run both, and this is what all current versions of Windows do.
- The primary method for transmitting IPv6 traffic over an IPv4 network is called tunneling. Tunneling is the process by which a system encapsulates an IPv6 datagram within an IPv4 packet.
This objective covers how to:
- Create and configure scopes
- Configure a DHCP reservation
- Configure DHCP options
- Configure client and server for PXE boot
- Configure DHCP relay agent
- Authorize DHCP server
Objective Summary- DHCP is a
service that automatically configures the IP address and other TCP/IP settings on network computers by assigning addresses from a pool (called a scope) and reclaiming them when they are no longer in use
- DHCP consists of three components: a DHCP server application, a DHCP client, and a DHCP communications protocol.
- The DHCP standards define three different IP address allocation methods: dynamic allocation, automatic allocation, and manual
allocation.
This objective covers how to: - Configure Active Directory integration of primary zones
- Configure forwarders
- Configure root hints
- Manage DNS cache
- Create A and PTR resource records
Objective Summary- DHCP is a
service that automatically configures the IP address and other TCP/IP settings on network computers by assigning addresses from a pool (called a scope) and reclaiming them when they are no longer in use.
- TCP/IP networks today use DNS servers to convert host names into IP addresses. This conversion process is referred to as name resolution.
- DNS consists of three elements: the DNS namespace, name servers,
and resolvers.
- The hierarchical nature of the DNS namespace is designed to make it possible for any DNS server on the Internet to locate the authoritative source for any domain name, using a minimum number of queries.
- In a recursive query, the DNS server receiving the name resolution request takes full responsibility for resolving the name. In an iterative query, the server that receives the name resolution request immediately responds
with the best information it possesses at the time.
- For Internet name resolution purposes, the only functions required of the DNS server are the ability to process incoming queries from resolvers and send its own queries to other DNS servers on the Internet.
What is the method for transmitting IPv6 traffic over an IPv4 network?
Tunneling provides a way to use an existing IPv4 routing infrastructure to carry IPv6 traffic. The key to a successful IPv6 transition is compatibility with the existing installed base of IPv4 hosts and routers.
Which of the following is the primary method for transmitting IPv6 traffic over an?
IPv6 packets are typically transmitted over the link layer (i.e., over Ethernet or Wi-Fi), which encapsulates each packet in a frame. Packets may also be transported over a higher-layer tunneling protocol, such as IPv4 when using 6to4 or Teredo transition technologies.
Which of the following is the IPv6 equivalent to Automatic Private IP Addressing apipa in IPv4 addresses?
Link-Local Addresses–These addresses are the equivalent of Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA) for IPv4, which uses the 169.254. 0.0/16 network.
How does classless interdomain routing CIDR help reduce waste of IP addresses?
Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR), specified in RFCs 1517, 1518, and 1519, was introduced in September 1993 as a way to reduce router table growth. As a side effect, it has helped reduce the waste of IP addresses by reducing the granularity of allocation.
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