The annual course reset of the Disability Standards of Education e-learning and NCCD for school leader e-learn modules will be scheduled on 20th December. Due to the annual course reset, the minor disruptions may occur from Tuesday 20th December 4.00pm until 21st December 12.00pm AEDT. Show
If you intend to complete the course you must do so on or before 20th December as your progress cannot be carried over to the next year.
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According to the Dyslexia–Speld Foundation, the terms learning differences, learning difficulties and learning disabilities are often used interchangeably, and definitions of these terms can vary between institutions and agencies, nationally and internationally. There are, however, important differences between these terms, and a clear understanding of these differences is vital when reporting students to the NCCD. What are learning differences?The term 'learning differences' refers to the diverse ways all students learn and the rates at which they learn. Learning differences take into account individual learning motivators; learner aspirations, interests, experience and cultural background; and individual students’ strengths and needs. ExampleIf a student is highly interested in a particular topic or curriculum subject area this can act as a specific learning motivator for the student, resulting in higher levels of achievement in a particular learning area for the student. What are learning difficulties?The term learning difficulties refers to factors outside of learning differences or disabilities that might affect a student’s ability to achieve at the same rate as their peers. Factors such as absenteeism, ineffective instruction, inadequate exposure to necessary curricula, English as an additional language, socio-economic status and personal or family trauma may all impact upon a student’s ability to effectively engage with learning activities and meet academic expectations. This may lead to difficulties for the student in meeting the expected learning targets for their age and/or years of schooling. ExampleIf a student is often absent from school, they will acquire gaps in their learning and will need specific interventions aimed at addressing those gaps. If the interventions provided are sufficient in addressing the student’s learning needs, and the absenteeism is eliminated, the student can make the improvements necessary to meet the expected learning targets. What are learning disabilities?Learning disabilities are defined by the Disability Discrimination Act 1992 (DDA) and the Disability Standards for Education 2005 as 'a disorder or malfunction that results in a person learning differently from a person without a disorder or malfunction'. Students with learning disabilities are a specific group who are considered to have learning difficulties but do not respond to appropriate intervention. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-5 (American Psychiatric Association, 2013) classifies learning disabilities as ‘Specific learning disorders’ among a number of other neurodevelopmental disorders. According to the Dyslexia–Speld Foundation, a specific learning disorder will not be diagnosed if other mental, sensory or neurological disorders exist. Students with learning disabilities are of average or above average intelligence and there is often a gap between a student’s potential and their achievement at school. Learning disabilities are intrinsic, life-long and neurologically based. According to the Dyslexia–Speld Foundation, it is estimated that 3–5 per cent of the student population have a learning disability, and the majority of these students will not have a formal diagnosis. The term 'learning disabilities' describes a number of conditions that may be experienced by learners, such as dyslexia, dysgraphia, dyscalculia, dyspraxia, auditory processing disorder and developmental language disorder. ExampleIf a student has a learning disability such as dyslexia, they will not respond in the expected way to a whole-class, evidence based, structured, synthetic phonics teaching approach to reading. For successful academic performance, they will require the provision of adjustments such as text-to-speech and speech-to-text assistive technologies, predictive text applications for writing and visual supports, and/or intensive one-to-one teaching intervention using a structured synthetic phonics approach. The provision of note-takers and/or assistive technologies might be provided for assessments tasks. How do I report students with learning differences, difficulties and disabilities to the NCCD?
ReferenceDyslexia – SPELD Foundation Literacy Services. (2014). Understanding learning difficulties: A practical guide. South Perth: Dyslexia – SPELD Foundation Literacy Services PhasesThis resource is applicable during the following phases
RolesThis resource is recommended for the following roles
TypeWider support materialsFormatTextTopicsDefinition of disability
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Looking for something specific?Search key words fieldSearch key words Filter by fieldFilter by Search The Australian Government and Education Services Australia acknowledges the traditional owners and custodians of country throughout Australia and their continuing connection to land, waters, education and community. We pay our respects to them and their cultures, and Elders, past, present and future. What is the difference between a learning disability and a learning difficulty?Learning disability is often confused with learning difficulties such as dyslexia or ADHD. Mencap describes dyslexia as a “learning difficulty” because, unlike learning disability, it does not affect intellect.
Is learning difficulties the correct term?Many people with learning disabilities prefer to use the term 'learning difficulty'. The two terms are interchangeable when used in the context of health and social care for adults.
Is ADHD a learning disability or difficulty?There are many different types of learning difficulty, some of the more well known are dyslexia, attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), dyspraxia and dyscalculia. A person can have one, or a combination. As with learning disability, learning difficulties can also exist on a scale.
What is the difference between SLD and LD?The benefit of using an SLD is that it has lower coherence than the light of an LD, which enables coherence noise to be reduced. For example, if an SLD is used for light interference measurement, it reduces diffused reflection (speckle noise) on the surface of the object to measure.
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