Which of the following statements is true about evidence-based practice?

What is Evidence-Based Practice?

The classic definition of Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) is from Dr David Sackett. EBP is “the conscientious, explicit and judicious use of current best evidence in making decisions about the care of the individual patient. It means integrating individual clinical expertise with the best available external clinical evidence from systematic research”.2

EBP has developed over time to now integrate the best research evidence, clinical expertise, the patient's individual values and circumstances, and the characteristics of the practice in which the health professional works.3

So, EBP is not only about applying the best research evidence to your decision-making, but also using the experience, skills and training that you have as a health professional and taking into account the patient's situation and values (e.g. social support, financial situation), as well as the practice context (e.g. limited funding) in which you are working.  The process of integrating all of this information is known as clinical reasoning.  When you consider all of these four elements in a way that allows you to make decisions about the care of a patient, you are engaging in EBP.4

Why is Evidence-Based Practice Important?

EBP is important because it aims to provide the most effective care that is available, with the aim of improving patient outcomes.  Patients expect to receive the most effective care based on the best available evidence.  EBP promotes an attitude of inquiry in health professionals and starts us thinking about: Why am I doing this in this way?  Is there evidence that can guide me to do this in a more effective way?  As health professionals, part of providing a professional service is ensuring that our practice is informed by the best available evidence.  EBP also plays a role in ensuring that finite health resources are used wisely and that relevant evidence is considered when decisions are made about funding health services.4

What happened before Evidence-Based Practice?

Before EBP health professionals relied on the advice of more experienced colleagues, often taken at face value, their intuition, and on what they were taught as students.  Experience is subject to flaws of bias and what we learn as students can quickly become outdated.  Relying on older, more knowledgeable colleagues as a sole information source can provide dated, biased and incorrect information.  This is not to say that clinical experience is not important - it is in fact part of the definition of EBP.  However, rather than relying on clinical experience alone for decision making, health professionals need to use clinical experience together with other types of evidence-based information.5

Is not all Published Research of Good Quality?

Not all research is of sufficient quality to inform clinical decision making.  Therefore you need to critically appraise evidence before using it to inform your clinical decision making. The three major aspects of evidence that you need to critically appraise are:

• Validity - can you trust it?
• Impact - are the results clinically important?
• Applicability - can you apply it to your patient?

Instructions

Choose your answer by clicking the radio button next to your choice and then press 'Submit' to get your score.

Question 1

What is research?

a) A systematic and rigorous process of finding answers to questions.

b) A form of audit.

c) Finding out evidence from a database.

d) Acquiring a body of evidence on a topic.

Question 2

Which of the following is not an NMC Standard for Entry to the Register?

a) Ensure current research findings and other evidence are incorporated into practice.

b) Identify relevant changes in practice or new information and disseminate to colleagues.

c) Identify examples of the use of evidence in planned nursing interventions.

d) Engage with and evaluate the evidence base that underpins safe nursing practice.

Question 3

Which of the following statements is not applicable to using an evidence-base in nursing practice ?

a) To ensure the best quality of care given is to patients.

b) To ensure that nursing decisions are based on the best quality of evidence.

c) Evidence used in nursing practice must be appraised for its validity and applicability.

d) The use of research evidence in nursing practice does not need to be evaluated after it is used or implemented.

Question 4

Clinical effectiveness is about which of the following?

a) Undertaking research in order to determine effective outcomes.

b) Introducing new clinical procedures into practice.

c) Getting evidence of what works into everyday clinical practice and evaluating its effect on patient care.

d) Evaluating the best evidence.

Question 5

Which of the following stages of the nursing process is similar to that of the research process in determining the focus of the research and the research aim?

a) Assessment

b) Planning

c) Implementing

d) Evaluating

Which statement is true about Evidence

Which of the following is true about EBP Evidence

What describes Evidence

What are the 3 elements of Evidence