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Essentials of Investments9th EditionAlan J. Marcus, Alex Kane, Zvi Bodie 689 solutions A controlled experiment is one in which A - there are at least two groups, one of which does not receive the experimental treatment. B - there is one group for which the scientist controls all variables. C - there are at least two groups, one differing from the other by two or more variables. D - the experiment proceeds at a slow pace to guarantee that the scientist can carefully observe all reactions and process all experimental data. E - the experiment is repeated many times to ensure that the results are accurate. A A controlled experiment is one that A - is repeated many times to make sure the results are accurate. B - proceeds slowly enough that a scientist can make careful records of the results. C - tests experimental and control groups in parallel. D - keeps all variables constant. E - is supervised by an experienced scientist. C A localized group of organisms that belong to the same species is called a A - population. B - biosystem. C - family. D - community. E - ecosystem. A A water sample from a hot thermal vent contained a single-celled organism that had a cell wall but lacked a nucleus. What is its most likely classification? A - Fungi B - Protista C - Archaea D - Animalia E - Eukarya C All the organisms on your campus make up A - an experimental group. B - a community. C - an ecosystem. D - a population. E - a domain. B An organism has been isolated from decomposing organic matter. This organism has a cell wall but no chloroplasts. How would you classify this organism? A - domain Eukarya, kingdom Plantae B - domain Eukarya, kingdom Protista C - domain Eukarya, kingdom Fungi D - domain Bacteria, kingdom Prokaryota E - domain Archaea, kingdom Bacteria C Charles Darwin proposed a mechanism for descent with modification that stated that organisms of a particular species are adapted to their environment when they possess A - non-heritable traits that enhance their reproductive success in the local environment. B - non-heritable traits that enhance their survival in the local environment. C - non-heritable traits that enhance their survival and reproductive success in the local environment. D - heritable traits that decrease their survival and reproductive success in the local environment. E - heritable traits that enhance their survival and reproductive success in the local environment. E Darwin's finches, collected from the Galápagos Islands, illustrate which of the following? A - vestigial anatomic structures B - mutation frequency C - the accuracy of the fossil record D - adaptive radiation E - ancestors from different regions D Imagine there is a species-specific fishing regulation that mandates only adult fish of this species that are 75 cm or longer may be kept and shorter fish must be released. Based on your knowledge of natural selection, you would predict that the average length of the adult fish population will A - gradually decline. B - remain unchanged. C - rapidly decline. D - rapidly increase. E - gradually increase. A In a high school laboratory, which of the following constitutes an experiment? A - II, III, and IV B - II and III only C - II only D - I only E - III only E In presenting data that result from an experiment, a group of students show that most of their measurements fall on a straight diagonal line on their graph. However, two of their data points are "outliers" and fall far to one side of the expected relationship. What should they do? A - Do not show these points but write a footnote that the graph represents the correct data. B - Change the details of the experiment until they can obtain the expected results. C - Show all results obtained and then try to explore the reason(s) for these outliers. D - Throw out this set of data and try again. E - Average several trials and therefore rule out the improbable results. C Organisms interact with their environments, exchanging matter and energy. For example, plant chloroplasts convert the energy of sunlight to A - oxygen. B - kinetic energy. C - carbon dioxide and water. D - the energy of motion. E - chemical energy. E Prokaryotes are classified as belonging to two different domains. What are the domains? A - Bacteria and Eukarya B - Archaea and Monera C - Bacteria and Protista D - Eukarya and Monera E - Bacteria and Archaea E The application of scientific knowledge for some specific purpose is known as A - technology. B - inductive science. C - pure science. D - deductive science. E - anthropologic science. A The main source of energy for producers in an ecosystem is A - light energy. B - ATP. C - kinetic energy. D - thermal energy. E - chemical energy. A Through time, the lineage that led to modern whales shows a change from four-limbed land animals to aquatic animals with two limbs that function as flippers. This change is best explained by A - natural selection. B - feedback inhibition. C - reductionism. D - the hierarchy of the biological organization of life. E - natural philosophy. A To understand the chemical basis of inheritance, we must understand the molecular structure of DNA. This is an example of the application of which concept to the study of biology? A - reductionism B - emergent properties C - evolution D - feedback regulation E - the cell theory A What is the major distinguishing characteristic of fungi? A - being sedentary B - gaining nutrition through ingestion C - absorbing nutrients D - being decomposers of dead organisms E - being prokaryotic C When applying the process of science, which of these is tested? A - an observation B - a conclusion C - a hypothesis D - a result E - a control group C Which branch of biology is concerned with the naming and classifying of organisms? A - informatics B - evolution C - taxonomy D - genomics E - schematic biology C Which of the following are qualities of any
good scientific hypothesis? A - I only B - I and II C - III only D - III and IV E - II only B Which of the following best demonstrates the unity among all organisms? A - the structure and function of DNA B - natural selection C - emergent properties D - descent with modification E - identical DNA sequences A Which of the following best describes the logic of scientific inquiry? A - If my experiments are set up right, they will lead to a testable hypothesis. B - If my prediction is correct, it will lead to a testable hypothesis. C - If my observations are accurate, they will support my hypothesis. D - If I generate a testable hypothesis, tests and observations will support it. E - If my hypothesis is correct, I can expect certain test results. A Which of the following best describes what occurred after the publication of Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species? A - The book was banned from schools. B - The book was widely discussed and disseminated. C - The book received little attention except from a small scientific community. D - The book's authorship was disputed. E - The book was discredited by most scientists. B Which of the following is (are) true of natural selection? A - It involves differential reproductive success. B - It results in descent with modification and involves differential reproductive success. C - It results in descent with modification. D - It requires genetic variation, results in descent with modification, and involves differential reproductive success. E - It requires genetic variation. D Which of the following is an example of qualitative data? A - The six pairs of robins hatched an average of three chicks. B - The plant's height is 25 centimeters (cm). C - The temperature decreased from 20°C to 15°C. D - The contents of the stomach are mixed every 20 seconds. E - The fish swam in a zigzag motion. E Which of the following is the best description of a control for an experiment? A - The control group is exposed to only one variable rather than several. B - The control group is kept in an unchanging environment. C - The control is left alone by the experimenters. D - The control group is matched with the experimental group except for the one experimental variable. E - Only the experimental group is tested or measured. D Which of the following statements best distinguishes hypotheses from theories in science? A - Theories are hypotheses that have been proved. B - Theories are proved true; hypotheses are often falsified. C - Hypotheses are guesses; theories are correct answers. D - Hypotheses usually are relatively narrow in scope; theories have broad explanatory power. E - Hypotheses and theories are essentially the same thing. D Which of the following taxonomic categories is least likely to be later revised for a particular organism? A - phylum B - order C - kingdom D - class E - species E Which of the following types of cells utilize deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) as their genetic material but do not have their DNA encased within a nuclear envelope? A - animal B - protists C - archaea D - plant E - fungi C Which of these individuals is likely to be most successful in an evolutionary sense? A - a male who mates with 20 females and fathers one offspring B - an organism that lives 100 years and leaves two offspring, both of whom survive to reproduce C - an organism that dies after five days of life but leaves 10 offspring, all of whom survive to reproduce D - a female who mates with 20 males and produces one offspring that lives to reproduce E - a reproductively sterile individual who never falls ill C Which of these is an example of inductive reasoning? A - If two species are members of the same genus, they are more alike than each of them could be to a different genus. B - Hundreds of individuals of a species have been observed and all are photosynthetic; therefore, the species is photosynthetic. C - These organisms live in sunny parts of this area, so they are able to photosynthesize. D - If horses are always found grazing on grass, they can be only herbivores and not omnivores. E - If protists are all single-celled organisms, then they are incapable of aggregating. B Which of these provides evidence of the common ancestry of all life? A - ubiquitous use of catalysts by living systems B - structure of chloroplasts C - structure of the nucleus D - near universality of the genetic code E - structure of cilia D Why is Darwin considered original in his thinking? A - He described the relationship between genes and evolution. B - He demonstrated that evolution is continuing to occur now. C - He observed that organisms produce large numbers of offspring. D - He proposed the mechanism that explains how evolution takes place. E - He provided examples of organisms that had evolved over time. D Why is a scientific topic best discussed by people of varying points of view, a variety of subdisciplines, and diverse cultures? A - Scientists can explain to others that they need to work in isolation to utilize the scientific method more productively. B - Scientists need to exchange their ideas with other disciplines and cultures so that all groups are in consensus with the course of future research. C - Robust and critical discussion between diverse groups improves scientific thinking. D - This is another way of ensuring that everyone gets the same results. E - They can rectify each other's approach to make it truly scientific. C Why is it important that an experiment include a control group? A - The control group provides a reserve of experimental subjects. B - A control group assures that an experiment will be repeatable. C - The researcher predetermines the results for the control group. D - Without a control group, there is no basis for knowing if a particular result is due to the variable being tested. E - A control group is required for the development of an "If...then" statement. D What is a primary reason to include a control group in an experiment?Control groups help ensure the internal validity of your research. You might see a difference over time in your dependent variable in your treatment group. However, without a control group, it is difficult to know whether the change has arisen from the treatment.
What is the primary reason to include a control group in an experiment quizlet sociology?What is the primary reason to include a control group in an experiment? The control group allows you to make comparisons to the experimental group.
What is the primary reason to include a control group in an experiment Inquizitive?The purpose of the control group is to create a benchmark to compare the experimental results to. It allows for study of the effects of the independent variable alone without confounding conditions. During an experiment, a scientist must consider what their independent variable is and what is being tested.
What is the primary reason for including a control group within the design of an experiment quizlet?The primary reason for including a control within the design of an experiment is to: ensure that the results obtained are due to a difference in only the variable. When designing an experiment the treatment and control group must be treated the same, except for the variable being tested.
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